New Mandala is very pleased to announce a new series of essays. In a departure from previous practice these essays are in Thai. They have been written for the benefit of the native Thai speaking portion of our audience and, even more so, for those New Mandala readers who have some grasp of the language but who would appreciate an opportunity to read simple but interesting Thai-language articles. Some months back we received a suggestion that such a resource would be appreciated. Over time, and with audience interest, we hope to expand the range of such resources that we can provide.

Please let us know how you find this. It is, for your reference, by р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Бр╕Кр╕▓р╕вр╕Др╕┤р╕бр╕лр╕▒р╕Щр╕Хр╣М.

Andrew and Nich

р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕▓р╕Шр╕┤р╕Ыр╣Др╕Хр╕вр╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╣Др╕Чр╕вр╣Ж (р╣С): р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕▓р╕Шр╕┤р╕Ыр╣Др╕Хр╕вр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕кр╕гр╣Йр╕▓р╕Зр╣Ар╕кр╕гр╣Зр╕Ир╣Гр╕Щр╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕з

р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Бр╕Кр╕▓р╕вр╕Др╕┤р╕бр╕лр╕▒р╕Щр╕Хр╣М

р╕кр╕зр╕▒р╕кр╕Фр╕╡р╕Др╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕Др╕╕р╕Ур╕Ьр╕╣р╣Йр╕нр╣Ир╕▓р╕Щр╕Щр╕┤р╕зр╣Бр╕бр╕Щр╕Фр╕▓р╕ер╕▓ р╕лр╕ер╕▒р╕Зр╕Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ьр╕бр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Хр╕┤р╕Фр╕Хр╕▓р╕бр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╣Ар╕Др╕ер╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Щр╣Др╕лр╕зр╕Чр╕▓р╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Чр╕ир╣Др╕Чр╕вр╕Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕Ър╕ер╣Зр╕нр╕Бр╣Бр╕лр╣Ир╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╕бр╕▓р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╣Ар╕зр╕ер╕▓р╕Щр╕▓р╕Щ р╕Бр╣Зр╣Ар╕гр╕┤р╣Ир╕бр╕Др╕▒р╕Щр╣Др╕бр╣Йр╕Др╕▒р╕Щр╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕нр╕вр╕▓р╕Бр╕Ир╕░р╣Бр╕Ър╣Ир╕Зр╕Ыр╕▒р╕Щр╣Ар╕гр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕гр╕▓р╕зр╣Гр╕Щр╕бр╕╕р╕бр╕бр╕нр╕Зр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Др╕Щр╣Др╕Чр╕вр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕ар╕▓р╕йр╕▓р╣Др╕Чр╕вр╣Гр╕Щр╣Ар╕зр╣Зр╕Ър╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕З р╣Вр╕Фр╕вр╕бр╕╡р╕Ир╕╕р╕Фр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕кр╕Зр╕Др╣Мр╕кр╕нр╕Зр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Бр╕▓р╕г р╕Щр╕нр╕Бр╕Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕Ир╕░р╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╕бр╕╣р╕ер╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╣Ар╕Щр╕╖р╣Йр╕нр╕лр╕▓р╕кр╕▓р╕гр╕░р╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕з р╕Бр╣Зр╕вр╕▒р╕Зр╕Ир╕░р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕кр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Ьр╕╣р╣Йр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╕ар╕▓р╕йр╕▓р╣Др╕Чр╕вр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╣Ар╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╣Др╕Ыр╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕в

р╕кр╕│р╕лр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕Ър╕Чр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Кр╕╕р╕Фр╣Бр╕гр╕Бр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ьр╕бр╕Ир╕░р╣Ар╕Вр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕бр╕╕р╕бр╕бр╕нр╕Зр╕Чр╕▓р╕Зр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕зр╕▒р╕Хр╕┤р╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣Мр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Зр╣Др╕Чр╕в р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕Вр╕нр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕Кр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ “р╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕▓р╕Шр╕┤р╕Ыр╣Др╕Хр╕вр╣Бр╕Ър╕Ър╣Др╕Чр╕вр╣Ж” р╣Гр╕Щр╕Хр╕нр╕Щр╣Бр╕гр╕Бр╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╕Вр╕нр╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╣Вр╕Др╕ер╕Зр╕Ър╕Чр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕Вр╕нр╕З р╕лр╕бр╣Ир╕нр╕бр╕лр╕ер╕зр╕Зр╕Ыр╕┤р╣Ир╕Щ р╕бр╕▓р╕ер╕▓р╕Бр╕╕р╕е (р╣Тр╣Ф р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓р╕Др╕б р╕Ю.р╕и. р╣Тр╣Фр╣Фр╣Ц – р╣Х р╕Хр╕╕р╕ер╕▓р╕Др╕б р╕Ю.р╕и. р╣Тр╣Хр╣Ур╣Ш) р╕нр╕Фр╕╡р╕Хр╕гр╕▒р╕Рр╕бр╕Щр╕Хр╕гр╕╡р╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Бр╕гр╕░р╕Чр╕гр╕зр╕Зр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╕Шр╕┤р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╣Др╕Чр╕в (р╕Ю.р╕и. р╣Тр╣Хр╣Рр╣Р – р╕Ю.р╕и. р╣Тр╣Хр╣Ср╣Т) р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕зр╣Ир╕▓

poem-1

р╣Вр╕Др╕ер╕Зр╕Ър╕Чр╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╕бр╕╡р╕нр╕▓р╕вр╕╕р╕гр╕▓р╕зр╕Др╕гр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕ир╕Хр╕зр╕гр╕гр╕йр╣Ар╕ер╕вр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕з р╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Др╕▒р╕Фр╕ер╕нр╕Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕нр╣Ар╕Щр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щр╕бр╕▓р╕Ир╕Щр╕бр╕╡р╕Др╕│р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Бр╕Хр╕Бр╕Хр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щр╕нр╕нр╕Бр╣Др╕Ыр╕Ър╣Йр╕▓р╕З р╣Бр╕ер╕░р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Ар╕кр╕бр╕нр╣Ж р╣Гр╕Щр╕зр╕▒р╕Щр╕Др╕гр╕╣р╣Бр╕лр╣Ир╕Зр╕Кр╕▓р╕Хр╕┤ р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕лр╕вр╕┤р╕Ър╕вр╕Бр╕Вр╕╢р╣Йр╕Щр╕бр╕▓р╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╣Ар╕Юр╕гр╕▓р╕░р╕бр╕╡р╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╕кр╕▒р╕Зр╣Ар╕Бр╕Хр╕Ър╕▓р╕Зр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Щр╣Ир╕▓р╕кр╕Щр╣Гр╕И р╕Др╕Зр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╣Гр╕Кр╣Ир╣Бр╕Хр╣Ир╣Ар╕Юр╕╡р╕вр╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ир╕░р╣Ар╕Хр╕┤р╕Ър╣Вр╕Хр╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╣Ар╕Кр╣Ир╕Щр╕Бр╕ер╣Йр╕зр╕вр╣Др╕бр╣Й р╕ер╕░р╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Юр╕┤р╕Ир╕▓р╕гр╕Ур╕▓р╕кр╕Цр╕▓р╕Щр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ур╣Мр╕Чр╕▓р╕Зр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╣Ар╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕вр╕╕р╕Др╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ьр╕╣р╣Йр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Юр╕▒р╕Щр╕Шр╣Мр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕гр╕▓р╕Кр╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╣Гр╕Кр╣Йр╕Ир╕нр╕бр╕Юр╕ер╕бр╕▓р╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╕кр╕▓р╕бр╕Др╕Щ р╕Бр╣Зр╕Ир╕░р╣Ар╕лр╣Зр╕Щр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Кр╕▒р╕Фр╣Ар╕Ир╕Щр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕зр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕бр╕╡р╕кр╕┤р╣Ир╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Хр╕┤р╕Ър╣Вр╕Хр╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕ир╕╢р╕Бр╕йр╕▓р╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╕нр╕вр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕лр╕Щр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕Щр╕▒р╣Ир╕Щр╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Ыр╕Бр╕Др╕гр╕нр╕Зр╣Гр╕Щр╕гр╕░р╕Ър╕нр╕Ър╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕▓р╕Шр╕┤р╕Ыр╣Др╕Хр╕вр╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕гр╕▒р╕Рр╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕Щр╕╣р╕Н р╕Лр╕╢р╣Ир╕Зр╕Др╕Зр╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕бр╕╡р╕Йр╕Ър╕▒р╕Ър╣Др╕лр╕Щр╕нр╕╡р╕Бр╣Бр╕ер╣Йр╕зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕Ир╕░р╣Гр╕Кр╣Йр╣Ар╕зр╕ер╕▓р╕гр╣Ир╕▓р╕Зр╕Щр╕▓р╕Щр╣Ар╕Чр╣Ир╕▓р╕Бр╕▒р╕Ъ “р╕гр╕▒р╕Рр╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕Щр╕╣р╕Нр╣Бр╕лр╣Ир╕Зр╕гр╕▓р╕Кр╕нр╕▓р╕Ур╕▓р╕Ир╕▒р╕Бр╕гр╣Др╕Чр╕в р╕Ю.р╕и. р╣Тр╣Хр╣Ср╣С”

р╕Фр╕▒р╕Зр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╕Ьр╕бр╕Ир╕╢р╕Зр╕Вр╕нр╕Фр╕▒р╕Фр╣Бр╕Ыр╕ер╕Зр╣Вр╕Др╕ер╕Зр╕Фр╕▒р╕Зр╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╕бр╕▓р╣Ар╕Ыр╕┤р╕Фр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╣Ар╕Фр╣Зр╕Щр╕Ър╕Чр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╣Бр╕гр╕Бр╣Гр╕Щр╕Щр╕┤р╕зр╣Бр╕бр╕Щр╕Фр╕▓р╕ер╕▓р╕Фр╕▒р╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Й

poem-2

р╣Гр╕Щр╕ар╕▓р╕йр╕▓р╕нр╕▒р╕Зр╕Бр╕др╕йр╕бр╕╡р╕Др╕│р╕Бр╕ер╣Ир╕▓р╕зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕зр╣Ир╕▓ “Rome was not built in one day” р╣Вр╕Др╕ер╕З “р╕Бр╕ер╣Йр╕зр╕вр╣Др╕бр╣Й” р╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╕Бр╣Зр╕Др╕Зр╕бр╕╡р╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕лр╕бр╕▓р╕вр╣Ар╕Кр╣Ир╕Щр╣Ар╕Фр╕╡р╕вр╕зр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щ р╕кр╕│р╕лр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕Ър╕Чр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Хр╕нр╕Щр╕Хр╣Ир╕нр╣Ж р╣Др╕Ыр╕Ьр╕бр╕Ир╕░р╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Щр╕│р╕Вр╣Йр╕нр╣Ар╕Чр╣Зр╕Ир╕Ир╕гр╕┤р╕Зр╕Чр╕▓р╕Зр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕зр╕▒р╕Хр╕┤р╕ир╕▓р╕кр╕Хр╕гр╣Мр╕бр╕▓р╕Вр╕вр╕▓р╕вр╕Др╕зр╕▓р╕бр╕Бр╕▒р╕Щр╕Хр╣Ир╕нр╣Др╕Ыр╕зр╣Ир╕▓р╕Чр╕│р╣Др╕бр╕Ыр╕гр╕░р╕Кр╕▓р╕Шр╕┤р╕Ыр╣Др╕Хр╕вр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╣Др╕Чр╕вр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╣Вр╕Хр╕Кр╣Йр╕▓р╕Бр╕▒р╕Щр╕Щр╕▒р╕Бр╕лр╕Щр╕▓

р╕Др╕│р╕нр╕Шр╕┤р╕Ър╕▓р╕вр╕кр╕│р╕лр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╕Ьр╕╣р╣Йр╣Ар╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Щр╕ар╕▓р╕йр╕▓р╣Др╕Чр╕в (р╕Юр╕Ир╕Щр╕▓р╕Щр╕╕р╕Бр╕гр╕бр╕Йр╕Ър╕▒р╕Ър╕гр╕▓р╕Кр╕Ър╕▒р╕Ур╕Ср╕┤р╕Хр╕вр╕кр╕Цр╕▓р╕Щ р╕Ю.р╕и. р╣Тр╣Хр╣Фр╣Т)

р╕Др╕▒р╕Щ р╕нр╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕кр╕╢р╕Бр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕нр╕вр╕▓р╕Бр╣Ар╕Бр╕▓, р╕нр╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕нр╕Ыр╕▓р╕Бр╕нр╕вр╕╣р╣Ир╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕кр╕╕р╕В р╕Др╕╖р╕н р╕нр╕вр╕▓р╕Бр╕Чр╣Нр╕▓ р╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕нр╕Юр╕╣р╕Фр╣Гр╕Щр╕кр╕┤р╣Ир╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Др╕бр╣Ир╕Др╕зр╕г р╣Ар╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕бр╕╖р╕нр╕Др╕▒р╕Щ р╕Ыр╕▓р╕Бр╕Др╕▒р╕Щ, р╕нр╕▓р╕Бр╕▓р╕гр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╕гр╕╣р╣Йр╕кр╕╢р╕Бр╕нр╕вр╕▓р╕Бр╕Фр╣Ир╕▓ р╕нр╕вр╕▓р╕Бр╕Хр╕╡р╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Хр╣Йр╕Щ р╣Ар╕гр╕╡р╕вр╕Бр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕Др╕▒р╕Щр╕Ыр╕▓р╕Б р╕Др╕▒р╕Щр╕бр╕╖р╕н р╕Др╕▒р╕Щр╣Ар╕Чр╣Йр╕▓

р╕лр╕бр╣Ир╕нр╕бр╕лр╕ер╕зр╕З р╕Др╣Нр╕▓р╕Щр╣Нр╕▓р╕лр╕Щр╣Йр╕▓р╕Кр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕Ър╕╕р╕Хр╕гр╕Вр╕нр╕Зр╕лр╕бр╣Ир╕нр╕бр╕гр╕▓р╕Кр╕зр╕Зр╕ир╣М

р╕ир╕Хр╕зр╕гр╕гр╕й [р╕кр╕░р╕Хр╕░р╕зр╕▒р╕Ф] р╕гр╕нр╕Ъ р╣Ср╣Рр╣Р р╕Ыр╕╡

р╕кр╕│р╕лр╕гр╕▒р╕Ър╣Гр╕Щр╣Вр╕Др╕ер╕Зр╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╣Ар╕кр╣Йр╕Щр╣Ар╕Кр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╕бр╣Вр╕вр╕Зр╣Бр╕кр╕Фр╕Зр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╕кр╕▒р╕бр╕Ьр╕▒р╕кр╕кр╕гр╕░р╣Гр╕Щр╣Вр╕Др╕ер╕Зр╕кр╕╡р╣Ир╕кр╕╕р╕ар╕▓р╕Юр╕кр╣Ир╕зр╕Щр╕Др╕│р╕Ър╕▒р╕Зр╕Др╕▒р╕Ър╣Ар╕нр╕Б р╣Ч р╣Вр╕Ч р╣Ф р╕Щр╕▒р╣Йр╕Щр╣Ар╕Щр╣Йр╕Щр╣Др╕зр╣Йр╕Фр╣Йр╕зр╕вр╕кр╕╡ р╕кр╕╡р╣Бр╕Фр╕Зр╕Ър╣Ир╕Зр╕Ър╕нр╕Бр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Др╕│р╣Ар╕нр╕Бр╕лр╕гр╕╖р╕нр╕Др╕│р╕Хр╕▓р╕в р╕кр╕╡р╕Щр╣Йр╕│р╣Ар╕Зр╕┤р╕Щр╕Ър╣Ир╕Зр╕Ър╕нр╕Бр╕Цр╕╢р╕Зр╕Др╕│р╕Чр╕╡р╣Ир╣Ар╕Ыр╣Зр╕Щр╕Др╕│р╣Вр╕Ч “р╕гр╕▒р╕Рр╕Шр╕гр╕гр╕бр╕Щр╕╣р╕Н” р╣Гр╕Щр╣Вр╕Др╕ер╕Зр╕Щр╕╡р╣Йр╕Хр╣Йр╕нр╕Зр╕нр╣Ир╕▓р╕Щр╕зр╣Ир╕▓ р╕гр╕▒р╕Ф-р╕Цр╕░-р╕Чр╕│-р╕Щр╕╣р╕Щ р╣Ар╕Юр╕╖р╣Ир╕нр╣Гр╕лр╣Йр╣Др╕Фр╣Йр╕Др╕│р╕Хр╕▓р╕вр╣Бр╕ер╕░р╕Ир╕│р╕Щр╕зр╕Щр╕Юр╕вр╕▓р╕Зр╕Др╣Мр╕Хр╕▓р╕бр╕Йр╕▒р╕Щр╕Чр╕ер╕▒р╕Бр╕йр╕Ур╣М